Principales proteínas de fase aguda en gatos y su papel en la peritonitis infecciosa felina
Palabras clave:
amiloide sérico A, glicoproteína ácida alfa-1, peritonitis infecciosa felina.Resumen
A lo largo del siglo pasado, la investigación de las proteínas de fase aguda (PFA) en los animales se centró, principalmente, en las especies de granja y en los caninos y se hizo énfasis en el estudio de la proteína C reactiva (la primera descubierta), que es una de las más importantes en los seres humanos. Sin embargo, a partir de 2000 las observaciones hechas en el gato doméstico han validado la importancia clínica que tienen los reactantes de fase aguda en numerosos padecimientos que afectan a estas mascotas. Se ha podido destacar en esta especie que la proteína C reactiva no es de relevancia desde el punto de vista inflamatorio, ya que no presenta alteraciones significativas durante los procesos de respuesta a los estímulos nocivos y su posterior resolución. También cabe destacar el amplio nivel de análisis que se ha efectuado sobre el valor diagnóstico y pronóstico que tienen las PFA en enfermedades virales que causan alta mortalidad en los felinos, tales como la inmunodeficiencia viral, leucemia viral y principalmente, la peritonitis infecciosa felina. Así, la presente revisión busca establecer parámetros o guías de los efectos que produce esta última afección sobre las concentraciones séricas y efusivas de PFA mayores (amiloide sérico A y glicoproteína ácida alfa-1) y moderadas (haptoglobina) en esta especie.
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