PREDISPONENT FACTORS IN COGNITIVE DISORDERS IN THE ELDERLY ADULT: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: The accelerated growth of the elderly population in the world and from which Colombia does not escape, shows how some people reach this stage of life with a decrease or loss of functional capacity; disability and other physical and mental disorders. Objective: to identify the predisposing factors for the presence of cognitive alterations in the elderly. Materials and methods: literature review, Scopus and Scielo databases were consulted, primary article without year limit, in full text, with Mesh terms (Cognitive impairment and elderly), selecting 20 with qualitative and quantitative designs, in English languages and Portuguese, the researchers independently consulted the Fulltext. Ethically, the referencing of the authors of the articles was carried out while maintaining intellectual property. Results: The analysis of the articles was carried out in two moments: the first was individually and independently, the second triangulating the information in pairs, within the research group. Analysis of each category and its descriptors was carried out, relating the terms by thematic axis, represented in 2 categories that allow describing and classifying the results obtained. The categories identified were: 1) Basic diseases and their relationship with cognitive impairment. 2) Socioeconomic factors, educational level and occupation. Conclusions: The main cognitive disorders of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment were identified, taking into account that it is one of the more frequent pathologies that affect their quality of life.